Denier

Obverse description	Stylised crosier depicted in high relief at centre, rendered in a schematic, Romanesque manner typical of episcopal coinage of the period. The crosier's volute curves prominently to the right, its staff extending diagonally across the irregular flan. The surrounding field is uneven and characteristically rough, consistent with hammered production on an irregular planchet. No legible legend or inscription is present. The overall design conveys the ecclesiastical authority of the Bishop of Basel.
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Mintage	ND (1072-1191)
Additional information	The Bishopric of Basel held imperial minting rights granted by the Holy Roman Emperors, and the deniers produced under this authority circulated across the Upper Rhine region during a period when episcopal coinage frequently outpaced royal issues in local commerce. Basel's position at a major Rhine crossing made its mint economically significant well beyond the diocese itself. The century-long date range reflects genuine attribution uncertainty rather than a continuous series — individual dies within this type are difficult to assign with precision, and the scholarship has not resolved finer sequencing.