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Denga - Vasily I Dmitriyevich Shahada / Arabic legend imitation
| Issuer | Moscow, Grand principality of |
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| Year | 1412-1416 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Crude imitation of the Shahada inscription as found on the reverse of Jochid (Golden Horde) dangs, rendered in a debased, non-functional pseudo-Arabic script. The legend, heavily stylized and largely illegible, fills the field of the irregularly shaped flan. The engraving reflects the Muscovite workshop's attempt to replicate Islamic monetary conventions without direct access to a skilled Arabic calligrapher, resulting in a schematic arrangement of strokes imitating the sacred formula. |
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| Reverse description | A crude, mirrored imitation of the Arabic legend typical of Muscovite dengas bearing the name of Tokhtamysh Khan, rendered in reverse and largely illegible. The design incorporates decorative longevity knot motifs interspersed among the pseudo-calligraphic strokes, a feature characteristic of this emission. The execution is coarse and schematic, occupying the full field of the irregular flan, reflecting the transitional numismatic practice of Moscow during the early fifteenth century of incorporating Tatar symbolic vocabulary into local coinage. |
| Reverse script | Arabic (imitation) |
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