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Denarius - Trajan COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC, Roma and Victory

Issuer Roman Imperial Mint
Year 103-111
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse script Latin
Obverse lettering IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC P M TR P
(Translation: Imperator Traiano Augustus, Germanicus, Dacicus, Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate. Supreme commander (Imperator), of Trajan, emperor (Augustus), conqueror of the Germans, conqueror of the Dacians, high priest, holder of tribunician power.)
Reverse description A standing female figure, identified as Roma or Victory, is depicted facing left in the central field, rendered in full length in flowing robes. She holds a Victory figurine in her extended right hand and rests her left hand upon a long vertical spear or sceptre, with a shield at her side. The composition reflects the classical allegorical style favoured under Trajan, emphasising Roman martial supremacy and imperial virtue. The circular legend COS V P P S P Q R OPTIMO PRINC frames the design, proclaiming Trajan as consul for the fifth time, father of the fatherland, and the best of princes as decreed by the Senate and Roman people. The flan shows the characteristic slight irregularity of hammered coinage, with the reverse die slightly off-centre on this example.
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