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Denarius - Octavian C•CAESAR•III•VIR•R•P•C / POPVL•IVSSV
| Issuer | Roman Republic (509 BC - 27 BC) |
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| Year | 41 BC |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Obverse description | Bare head of Octavian facing right, rendered with youthful features and short, layered hair; some specimens display incipient beard. The portrait occupies the full field, executed in the vigorous late-Republican hammered style. The circular legend C•CAESAR•III•VIR•R•P•C — identifying Octavian as one of the tresviri rei publicae constituendae — runs around the periphery. The design is enclosed by a border of dots. |
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| Obverse script | Latin |
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Issued in 41 BC, this denarius belongs to one of the most politically charged moments in the dying Republic — the year of the Perusine War, when Octavian was locked in conflict with Lucius Antonius and Fulvia while simultaneously consolidating his position as triumvir. The legend POPVL·IVSSV, "by order of the people," was a deliberate piece of constitutional theater, framing Octavian's authority as popular rather than military in origin, at a moment when his grip on Italy was anything but settled.
RRC 518/2 is one of several issues from this period attributable to mobile or Italian mints rather than Rome itself, reflecting the logistical chaos of the triumviral civil wars.