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| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 18 BC - 17 BC |
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| Currency | Denarius, Reform of Augustus (27 BC – AD 215) |
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| Reverse description | Mars, god of war, depicted standing left, helmeted and cloaked in military paludamentum. In his right hand he grasps a vexillum (military standard), while his left hand rests a parazonium (short sword) upon his left shoulder. The reverse legend, distributed around the field, records the public vows made for the safety and return of the emperor. The figure of Mars conveys martial authority and divine protection over the princeps, consistent with Augustan religious and propagandistic imagery of this period. |
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| Reverse lettering | VOT P SVSC PRO SAL ET RED I O M SACR (Translation: Vota Publica Suscepta Pro Salute et Reditu Iovi Optimo Maximo Sacrata. Public sacrifices have been made to holy Jupiter, the best and greatest, for the well-being and the safe return [of the Emperor].) |
| Edge | Plain |
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