Denar pieniądz - Casimir IV Jagielloń

Casimir IV ruled the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1440 before simultaneously assuming the Polish crown in 1447, governing both states in personal union for nearly half a century. These small Lithuanian denars — among the lightest silver issues of the Jagiellonian period — circulated alongside Polish and Ruthenian coinages in an economy where regional monetary systems remained stubbornly parallel rather than unified. Kop#3118 places this type within a sequence that saw repeated debasement pressures as Casimir financed prolonged conflict with the Teutonic Order, culminating in the Thirteen Years' War concluded by the Second Peace of Toruń in 1466.