Czterodukat toruński - Jan II Kazimierz Waza Toruń mint

1655 was the year the Swedish army crossed into Polish territory en masse, beginning the catastrophic occupation known as the Potop — the Deluge. Toruń itself fell to Swedish forces later that year, making any gold coinage struck there in 1655 extraordinarily precarious in terms of production timeline. Whether this piece predates the city's capitulation or reflects a compressed final effort by the mint before occupation is a question the surviving population records cannot fully resolve.

The Kop(-) reference signals Kopicki found no catalogued example — this type was either unknown to him or so rare as to escape systematic documentation entirely.