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Czterodukat toruński - Jan II Kazimierz Waza Toruń mint
| Issuer | Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
|---|---|
| Year | 1655 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 4 Ducats (4 Dukatów) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Crowned and armored bust of King John II Casimir Vasa facing right, wearing an elaborate royal crown with fleurs-de-lis, his long curling hair falling to his shoulders, and richly decorated plate armor with an ornamental collar and chain of office visible at the chest. The effigy is rendered in high relief with fine engraving typical of mid-17th century Polish royal coinage. A beaded inner circle frames the portrait, with the Latin legend arranged around the periphery within a milled border. The legend reads IOAN CAS D G REX POL ET SVE M D L R P, identifying the king as John Casimir, by the grace of God King of Poland and Sweden, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Russia and Prussia. |
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| Mintage | 1655 |
| Additional information |
1655 was the year the Swedish army crossed into Polish territory en masse, beginning the catastrophic occupation known as the Potop — the Deluge. Toruń itself fell to Swedish forces later that year, making any gold coinage struck there in 1655 extraordinarily precarious in terms of production timeline. Whether this piece predates the city's capitulation or reflects a compressed final effort by the mint before occupation is a question the surviving population records cannot fully resolve.
The Kop(-) reference signals Kopicki found no catalogued example — this type was either unknown to him or so rare as to escape systematic documentation entirely.