Cornado - Enrique II Seville

Enrique II came to power through one of medieval Iberia's bloodiest succession struggles, having murdered his half-brother Pedro I — "the Cruel" — at Montiel in 1369 with French mercenary backing. The cornado series he issued afterward was partly a fiscal instrument to fund the debts from that war, with Seville's mint running heavily throughout his reign to service obligations to Bertrand du Guesclin's routiers. Billon content varied notoriously across mints and even across die runs, making compositional consistency on surviving examples essentially meaningless as a quality indicator.