目录
查看完整图片 — 免费注册
使用Google继续 — 免费
或用邮箱注册
为什么需要注册？只是为了防止机器人访问我们的目录。您的邮箱完全保密——我们绝不会分享或在未经您许可的情况下发送任何内容。我们向您保证！
| 正面描述 | Youthful head of Herakles facing left, clad in the Nemean lion skin headdress, with the scalp knotted beneath the chin. The facial features are rendered in archaic Greek style with a broad forehead and strong jaw. The lion's mane and ears are visible framing the hero's face, consistent with Macedonian bronze coinage iconography of the mid-4th century BC. |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | A winged thunderbolt depicted in full spread, with volutes at the central grip and radiating zigzag bolts to either side, occupying the central field. The royal legend ΦΙΛΙ above and ΠΠΟΥ below flanks the thunderbolt, identifying the issuing authority as Philip II. The thunderbolt, a symbol of Zeus and royal Macedonian power, is rendered with characteristic archaic vigor typical of Philip II's bronze coinage. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Philip II inherited a kingdom on the verge of collapse in 359 BC — the Macedonian army had just been destroyed by the Illyrians, his predecessor Perdiccas III killed in the rout. The administrative and monetary reforms he pushed through over the following decade, including the expansion of bronze coinage for small transactions, were inseparable from his military reorganization. Small bronzes like this chalkon circulated at the lowest tier of that economy, funding the garrisons, markets, and supply trains that made the Macedonian war machine function.
The uncertain mint attribution reflects genuine scholarly disagreement. Multiple production centers were active under Philip across the expanding kingdom, and the SNG ANS 994–995 grouping clusters these pieces by die similarity rather than firm provenance.