Chalkon - Dionysodoros

Kolophon's bronze issues of this period were struck under magistrate authority, with the magistrate's name — here Dionysodoros — appearing as a guarantor of value rather than a political statement. The city had already lost significant autonomy to Persian satrapal control before Alexander's arrival reshuffled the entire Aegean order, and these small bronzes circulated through a port economy that traded heavily in wine, wool, and the prized saffron-colored dye the region produced.

Milne's corpus remains the foundational reference for Kolophonian bronzes, though Copenhagen 150–151 and the Kinns study offer useful die-linkage data that suggests this magistrate's issues were struck across multiple obverse dies — meaning output was not negligible for so small a city.