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| 正面描述 | Promissory note (billet à ordre) dated 12 March 1897, bearing a wet fiscal stamp inscribed DE 100. F. A 200. CEN. 10 and an intaglio dry stamp reading REPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE 10 CEN., engraved by Oudine. The face value of 10 centimes is indicated through the applied revenue stamps on the document. |
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| 防伪类型 | Watermark |
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Landel & Cie was a Marseille trading house, not a bank, and these billets à ordre — promissory notes rather than banknotes proper — circulated as commercial paper within the port's merchant networks. The Bouches-du-Rhône stamp paper on which they were printed was a fiscal requirement: French law mandated that negotiable instruments be executed on government-stamped stock, the tax pre-embedded in the paper itself.
Eugène Oudine was a medallist and engraver at the Paris Mint, best known for his coin work — his appearance in a Marseille commercial paper context suggests a licensed or borrowed vignette rather than a bespoke commission.