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Aureus - Licinius I IOVI CONSERVATORI, Siscia
| Issuer | Imperial Roman Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 316 |
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| Shape | Round (irregular) |
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| Obverse description | Laureate and bearded bust of Licinius I facing right, rendered in high relief with finely detailed hair secured by a laurel wreath. The emperor is depicted with a strong, naturalistic portrait characteristic of the Tetrarchic and early Constantinian artistic tradition. The obverse legend LICINIVS AVGVSTVS runs around the periphery, divided on either side of the effigy. The portrait conveys imperial gravitas with a prominent jaw and close-cropped beard, consistent with surviving likenesses of Licinius I. |
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| Reverse description | Jupiter, nude and standing facing left, holds a long scepter in his right hand and a thunderbolt in his outstretched left hand, with a chlamys draped over his left arm. At his feet to the lower left crouches an eagle, the divine bird sacred to Jupiter, facing left. A star or cross symbol appears in the right field. The reverse legend IOVI CONSERVATORI, meaning 'To Jupiter the Preserver,' encircles the design, with the officina mark X in the legend. The mint signature SIS appears in the exergue, identifying the Siscia mint. |
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| Additional information |
Siscia — modern Sisak in Croatia — was one of the most productive mints of the Tetrarchic and Constantinian periods, strategically positioned on the Sava River to supply the Danubian frontier. This aureus dates to a particularly fraught moment: 316 was the year Constantine and Licinius fought their first civil war, culminating in the Battle of Cibalae in October, after which Licinius was forced to cede his Danubian territories, including Siscia itself, to Constantine.
The mint changed hands as a direct consequence of that defeat.