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Aureus - Diocletianus IOVI CONSERVAT AVGG, Jupiter
| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 284-294 |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Reverse description | Jupiter standing left in a commanding pose, his nude or semi-draped figure rendered in the classical tradition. In his raised right hand he holds a thunderbolt, the quintessential attribute of the king of the gods, while his left hand bears a long vertical sceptre. The reverse legend, divided by the figure, identifies Jupiter as protector of the two Augusti, reflecting Diocletian's theological programme linking imperial power to divine patronage. The composition is set within a beaded border, with any mint mark or workshop designation appearing in the exergue. |
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| Reverse lettering | IOVI CONSERVAT AVGG -/-//- (Translation: Iovi Conservatori Duorum Augustorum. To Jupiter, protector of the two emperors (Augusti).) |
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| Additional information |
Diocletian's early gold coinage belongs to a transitional moment: the tetrarchic system was not yet formalized, and the aureus itself was about to be overtaken by the new argenteus and eventually the solidus. The IOVI CONSERVAT AVGG reverse — with its plural "Augustorum" — dates this piece to the period when Maximian had already been elevated co-emperor, narrowing the window to post-286. Jupiter's role as divine protector of the emperors was not decorative theology; Diocletian styled himself Iovius and Maximian Herculius, a theological fiction that grounded the entire legitimacy of dual rule in cosmic hierarchy.