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Aureus - Augustus S P Q R CL V, Victory
| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 19 BC |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Bare head of Augustus facing right, rendered with finely detailed wavy hair swept forward over the brow in the characteristic Augustan classicizing style. The portrait is executed in high relief with a naturalistic yet idealized treatment befitting the Hellenistic-influenced court art of the early Principate. The circumferential Latin legend reads CAESAR to the left and AVGVSTVS to the right, divided by the portrait. The field is plain, and the flan is slightly irregular as typical of hammered Augustan aurei of this period. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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This issue dates to 19 BC, the year Augustus returned to Rome from the East after securing the recovery of the Parthian standards lost by Crassus at Carrhae in 53 BC and by Antony's campaigns thereafter. The Senate declared the return a triumph of diplomacy over arms — the standards were housed in the Temple of Mars Ultor, and the event was treated as equivalent to a military victory. The S P Q R CL V legend references the clipeus virtutis, the golden shield voted to Augustus by the Senate in 27 BC listing his four cardinal virtues.