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As PR II VIR P SALPA M FVLVI

Issuer Colonia Victrix Iulia Lepida (Celsa)
Year 44 BC - 36 BC
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Weight 10.48 g
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Obverse description Bare helmeted head of Mars facing right, rendered in moderately high relief with a Corinthian-style helmet bearing a prominent crest; the facial features are boldly modelled with a strong brow and defined chin. The legend COL VIC IVL LEP is inscribed in Latin characters around the periphery, referencing the colony's full official title, Colonia Victrix Iulia Lepida. A dotted border encircles the entire design, typical of Hispanic provincial bronze coinage of the late Republican period.
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Reverse script Latin
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Additional information

Celsa was a Roman colonial foundation on the Ebro in what is now Aragón, established for veteran settlers — likely following Caesar's campaigns — and granted the honorific title Victrix Iulia Lepida, the last element honoring Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, who held influence in Hispania Citerior during the triumviral period. When Lepidus fell from favor after Octavian stripped him of power in 36 BC, the city quietly dropped his name from its title, becoming simply Colonia Victrix Iulia Celsa. This issue, bearing the names of the duoviri quinquennales responsible for its striking, dates to precisely that window before the erasure.

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