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AR Miliaresion - Michael I Rhangabe & Theophylactus

Issuer Byzantine Empire (Byzantine states)
Year 811-813
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Currency Second Solidus Nomisma (720-1092)
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Obverse script Greek
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Reverse description The reverse bears a five-line inscription in bold Greek majuscule characters filling the entire field, reading +MIXA / HL S ΘЄOФV / LACTE ЄCΘ / ЬASILIS RO / MMAIOH, identifying Michael (I Rhangabe) and Theophylactus as Emperors of the Romans. The legend is arranged in horizontal lines across the coin face, with a cross preceding the first line. A finely executed dotted border encircles the inscription, and the lettering displays the characteristic mixed uncial and minuscule forms common to early ninth-century Byzantine silver coinage.
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Additional information

Michael I came to power not through succession or military acclaim but through the political vacuum left by Nikephoros I's death at the Battle of Pliska in July 811 — one of the worst Byzantine defeats in centuries, in which the Bulgarian khan Krum famously had Nikephoros's skull lined with silver and used it as a drinking cup. Michael's co-emperor Theophylactus, his own son, was elevated immediately to shore up dynastic legitimacy that Michael himself conspicuously lacked. The reign lasted barely two years before military failures against Krum forced Michael's abdication in 813.

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