Akçe - Ibrahim

Ibrahim II ruled the Karamanid beylik during one of its most pressured periods — squeezed between Mamluk ambitions to the south and increasingly aggressive Ottoman expansion under Murad II. The 1443 date places this issue in the final decade before Mehmed II would effectively end Karamanid independence, making coinage from Ibrahim's reign a byproduct of a polity fighting to assert legitimacy it was steadily losing.

Karamanid akçes of this period are poorly documented in terms of surviving die counts, and Album's attribution rests on a relatively thin specimen base.