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Æ37 - Gallienus (sole reign) (ΕΠ ϹΕΞ ΚΛ ϹΕΙΛΙΑΝΟΥ ΠΕΡΓΑΜΗΝΩΝ, Α, ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ, ΠΡΩΤΩΝ Γ ΝΕΩΚΟΡ)
| Issuer | City of Pergamum (Conventus of Pergamum) |
|---|---|
| Year | 260-268 |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse script | Greek |
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| Reverse lettering | ΕΠ ϹΕΞ ΚΛ ϹΕΙΛΙΑΝΟΥ ΠΕΡΓΑΜΗΝΩΝ, Α, ΟΛΥΜΠΙΑ, ΠΡΩΤΩΝ Γ ΝΕΩΚΟΡ (Translation: under Sextus Claudius Silianus, of the Pergamenes, first, Olympia, first thrice neocorate) |
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Pergamum held the title of neokoros — official guardian of an imperial cult temple — multiple times over, and this issue advertises three such grants (Γ ΝΕΩΚΟΡ) at a moment when the city's relationship with Rome was under strain. Gallienus's sole reign followed the catastrophic capture of his father Valerian by the Sasanian king Shapur I in 260 AD, the first Roman emperor ever taken prisoner in battle. Provincial mints and civic bronzes surged in output during this period partly to fill gaps left by disrupted central supply.
The Olympia reverse type signals participation in the local Olympian games, a civic prestige marker Pergamum deployed selectively on coinage.