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Æ36 - Severus Alexander ϹΜΥΡΝΑΙΩΝ ΠΡΩΤΩΝ ΑϹΙΑϹ Γ ΝΕΩΚ ΤΩΝ ϹΕΒ ΕΠ Ϲ ΠΟΛΕΙΤΟΥ

Issuer Smyrna (Conventus of Smyrna)
Year 222-235
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Diameter 36 mm
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Reverse description Confronted busts of Helios and Selene: the radiate and draped bust of Helios faces right, while the draped bust of Selene, adorned with a crescent on her shoulders, faces left. The two celestial deities are rendered in a facing composition characteristic of high-quality Smyrnaean provincial coinage. The reverse legend, distributed around the field, proclaims the city's prestigious titles and the name of the presiding magistrate. This pairing of solar and lunar divinities reflects the theological and civic pride of Smyrna during the Severan period.
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Mintage ND (222-235)
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Smyrna's claim to be "First of Asia" — embedded in that reverse legend — was the subject of bitter, decades-long rivalry with Ephesus and Pergamon, all three cities competing for the honorific through imperial petition and outright lobbying in Rome. The triple neokorate status recorded here (Γ ΝΕΩΚ) reflects three successive grants of permission to maintain imperial cult temples, each one a political victory requiring senatorial and imperial approval. Severus Alexander's reign saw a flurry of such civic honorific coinage across the conventus system, partly because the young emperor's court actively cultivated relationships with Greek-speaking provincial elites.

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