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Æ33 - Caracalla ΑΜΙϹΟΥ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΑϹ ΕΤ ϹΜΗ
| Issuer | Amisus (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 216-217 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Emperor Caracalla facing right, viewed from the rear, with paludamentum visible over the left shoulder. The effigy displays the characteristic short beard and curled hair of Caracalla's mature portraiture. The Greek imperial legend encircles the bust along the periphery of the flan. A small piercing is noted below the bust in the lower field, suggesting post-antique use as a pendant or mount. The die work is typical of the provincial bronze coinage struck at Amisus during Caracalla's eastern campaigns. |
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| Obverse lettering | ΑΥΤ ΚΑΙ Μ ΑΥΡ ΑΝΤΩΝΙΝΟϹ |
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| Additional information |
Amisus held the status of a free city — *eleuthera* — under Roman administration, a privilege it had negotiated and fiercely maintained since the time of Pompey's reorganization of Pontus in 65 BC. That autonomy allowed the city to mint bronze coinage on its own civic calendar, which is precisely what the ΕΤ ϹΜΗ date formula records: year 248 of the Amisean era, anchored to that Pompeian settlement. Caracalla's brief reign and violent end in April 217 makes issues from his final year geographically and chronologically tight.