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Æ29 - Valerian and Gallienus COL IVL CONC AVG APA, D D

Issuer Apamea (Bithynia and Pontus)
Year 253-260
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Diameter 29 mm
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Reverse description Tyche, the tutelary deity of Apamea, depicted standing in full figure facing left, wearing a turreted crown and long draped robes. In her right hand she holds a ship's rudder, symbolising fortune and the city's guidance, while her left arm cradles a cornucopia overflowing with abundance. The D D notation flanking the central figure confirms the issue was authorised by decree of the local town council (decurions). The encircling colonial legend and a dotted border frame the composition, typical of Bithynian provincial civic bronzes of the Valerianic period.
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Reverse lettering COL IVL CONC AVG APA, D D
(Translation: The Augustan colony of Julia Concordia, Apamea; by decree of the decurions)
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Additional information

Apamea in Bithynia held the rank of Roman colonia, and its civic bronze issues under the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus reflect that status through the COL IVL CONC abbreviation — Colonia Iulia Concordia, the colony's full honorific title. The D D notation, decreto decurionum, indicates formal authorization by the town council, a bureaucratic sanction that distinguishes civic issues from more informal provincial output.

Valerian's capture by Shapur I at Edessa in 260 AD ended the joint reign abruptly, simultaneously terminating this entire class of provincial civic coinage.

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