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Æ29 - Caracalla ΕΠΙ ΤΡΥΦΩΝΟϹ Β ΦΙΛΟ ΑΡ Α Τ Β ΝΕΙΚΑΕΩΝ ΚΙΛΒΙΑΝΩΝ
| Issuer | Nicaea Cilbianorum (Conventus of Ephesus) |
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| Year | 198-217 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust of Emperor Caracalla facing right, depicted in three-quarter rear view, conveying a sense of imperial martial authority characteristic of provincial bronze coinage of the Severan period. The effigy displays the emperor's characteristic short beard and laureate wreath, with the paludamentum fastened at the shoulder and the cuirass rendered in relief. The encircling Greek legend runs along the periphery of the field. The flan is irregular and the surfaces show a dark patina consistent with provincial Lydian bronze fabric. |
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| Reverse description | Full-length figure of Emperor Caracalla standing to the left, patera in extended right hand pouring a libation over a flaming altar at his feet, while Nike stands to his left, facing left, crowning the emperor with a wreath held in her right hand and bearing a palm branch in her left. The composition reflects a common honorific iconography on provincial Lydian bronze issues, associating the emperor with divine favour and victory. The multi-line Greek magistrate legend occupies the reverse field and periphery, naming the local archon Tryphon and identifying the issuing civic authority of Nicaea Cilbianorum. |
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| Additional information |
Nicaea Cilbianorum was a minor Lydian city in the Ephesus conventus whose coins are notable primarily for their magistrate inscriptions — and this piece names Tryphon, a local official otherwise known only through a handful of surviving bronzes. The split legend across obverse and reverse is characteristic of the city's output and has caused misattribution in older catalogs. Tryphon's title suggests a second term, which is itself an uncommon detail in provincial Lydian administration.