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Æ28 - Valerian and Gallienus ΑΡΤΕΜΙϹ ΕΦΕϹΙΑ
| Issuer | Ephesus (Conventus of Ephesus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-260 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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| Reverse description | Artemis the Huntress standing facing with head turned to the right, her left hand grasping a bow while her raised right hand draws an arrow from the quiver suspended at her shoulder. A tree rises behind the goddess, lending a naturalistic, sylvan setting to the composition, while a hound strides to the right at her feet, reinforcing her identity as divine patroness of the hunt. The reverse type alludes specifically to the cult of Artemis Ephesia, the principal deity of the issuing city, and the encircling Greek legend names her explicitly. |
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| Reverse lettering | ΑΡΤΕΜΙϹ ΕΦΕϹΙΑ (Translation: Artemis of Ephesus) |
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| Additional information |
Ephesus retained the right to strike civic bronze through the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus, a privilege the city leveraged aggressively — Ephesian output during this period is among the densest of any Asian mint, reflecting both the city's negotiating power with Rome and its need to supply coinage for a region increasingly destabilized by Sassanid raids into Asia Minor. Valerian himself was captured by Shapur I at Edessa in 260, the only Roman emperor taken prisoner in battle, an event that effectively ended this co-reign issue.