Parium, a Greek colony on the southern shore of the Propontis, retained its colonial identity — and its right to strike bronze — well into the third century under Roman administration. During Gallienus's sole reign, after his father Valerian was captured by Shapur I at Edessa in 260, the western provinces fragmented under the Gallic Empire while cities like Parium continued issuing local bronze in the east, filling a practical gap as central silver coinage deteriorated catastrophically under inflationary pressure.
The colonial abbreviation CC reflects Parium's proud status as a Roman colonia, a designation the city had held since Julius Caesar's refoundation.
Parium, a Greek colony on the southern shore of the Propontis, retained its colonial identity — and its right to strike bronze — well into the third century under Roman administration. During Gallienus's sole reign, after his father Valerian was captured by Shapur I at Edessa in 260, the western provinces fragmented under the Gallic Empire while cities like Parium continued issuing local bronze in the east, filling a practical gap as central silver coinage deteriorated catastrophically under inflationary pressure.
The colonial abbreviation CC reflects Parium's proud status as a Roman colonia, a designation the city had held since Julius Caesar's refoundation.