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Æ25 - Valerian and Gallienus ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ
| Issuer | Nicaea (Bithynia and Pontus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-260 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 7.58 g |
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| Obverse lettering | Γ ΠΟΥ(Β)ΛΙΚ ΟΥΑΛΕΡΙΑΝΟΣ ΑΥΓ (Translation: Gaius Publius Licinius Valerianus Augustus) |
| Reverse description | Demeter, the goddess of the harvest, seated left upon a high-backed throne, her figure rendered in the classical provincial style. She extends her right hand forward holding ears of corn, emblematic of her dominion over grain and fertility, while her left hand bears a long torch held transversely across her body. The enthroned pose with attributes is consistent with Demeter types well attested on Nicaean civic bronzes of the Severan and later periods. The ethnic legend ΝΙΚΑΙΕΩΝ is inscribed in the field, identifying the issuing city of Nicaea in Bithynia. |
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Nicaea's civic bronze issues under the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus represent one of the last sustained bursts of provincial coinage from Bithynia before the Roman currency system's third-century collapse effectively ended the autonomous minting traditions of Greek Asia Minor cities. The city had been a major administrative and commercial hub since the founding of the province, and its mint remained active well into the crisis decades.
Valerian's capture by Shapur I at the Battle of Edessa in 260 AD abruptly terminated coins struck in his name across the eastern provinces.