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| Issuer | Grimenothyrae (Conventus of Sardis) |
|---|---|
| Year | 117-138 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Two deities stand facing one another in the field: Hygieia, goddess of health, depicted on the left feeding a serpent coiled around her arm, and Asclepius, god of medicine, standing on the right and leaning upon his serpent-entwined staff (caduceus). Both figures are rendered in a static, frontal style typical of provincial bronze coinage of the period. The encircling Greek legend names the local magistrate and the issuing community. A low base or ground line is visible beneath the figures. |
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| Reverse lettering | ΕΠΙ Λ ΤΥΛ ΠΕΡ ΓΡΙΜΕΝΟΘΥΡΕΩΝ (Translation: under Lucius Tullius Per—, of the Grimenothyreans) |
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| Additional information |
Grimenothyrae was a minor Lydian city whose civic coinage under Hadrian reflects the broader explosion of Greek imperial bronzes produced across Asia Minor during his reign — a period when Hadrian's extensive tours through the eastern provinces prompted numerous cities to mint locally as a form of civic self-promotion before the imperial administration. The magistrate name partially preserved in the obverse legend, likely a local strategos or grammateus, is the only surviving record we have of this individual's existence.