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Æ21 - Marcus Aurelius ΕΛΑΙΤΩΝ
| Issuer | Elaea (Conventus of Pergamum) |
|---|---|
| Year | 179-180 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | Draped bust of Demeter, her head rendered in the portrait likeness of Crispina (wife of Commodus), facing right, holding a poppy and two ears of grain in her raised hand. The assimilation of the empress's portrait to the goddess Demeter is a well-attested phenomenon in Greek Imperial coinage of Asia Minor, reinforcing dynastic ideology through divine identification. The reverse legend ΕΛΑΙΤΩΝ in Greek identifies the issuing city of Elaea in Aeolis. The composition is characteristic of the artistic conventions prevalent in the Pergamene conventus during the late Antonine period. |
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| Reverse lettering | ΕΛΑΙΤΩΝ |
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| Additional information |
Elaea was a small Aeolian coastal city whose civic coinage under the Antonines was issued in tight bursts, typically timed to coincide with imperial visits or dedications to the reigning emperor. The posthumous window here — Marcus Aurelius died in March 180, and issues naming him were produced in the final months of his reign and briefly after — makes precise dating within the Pergamene conventus difficult. The city's bronze output from this period is modest in overall survival, with most known examples showing heavy patination from burial in the region's alkaline soils.