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Æ21 - Augustus ΕΦΕ ΦΙΛΩΝ ΤΡΥΦΩΝΑΣ
| Issuer | Ephesus (Conventus of Ephesus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 27 BC - 14 AD |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 9.50 g |
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| Obverse description | Jugate busts of Augustus, laureate, and Livia, draped, facing right, rendered in the Hellenistic portrait tradition characteristic of the Ephesian mint. The laureate wreath of Augustus is visible at the crown, with both effigies presented in close proximity in the standard dynastic pairing format common to eastern provincial coinage of the Julio-Claudian period. The coin surface shows heavy patination obscuring finer detail, though the overlapping profiles remain identifiable. No legend is visible on the obverse. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Forepart of a recumbent stag facing right, the animal's head turned forward, rendered in the local Ephesian artistic tradition in which the stag served as the sacred animal of Artemis, patron deity of the city. To the left of the stag stands an upright torch, a further attribute associated with Artemis. The Greek magistrate legend is disposed across the field in two lines above and below the central device, naming the civic officials responsible for the issue. The design reflects the enduring civic and religious iconography of Ephesus on its autonomous and provincial bronze coinage. |
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| Additional information |
Ephesus was the seat of the Roman governor of Asia and the most commercially active city in the province, which made civic bronze issues there a practical necessity rather than a prestige exercise. The magistrate names in the obverse legend — Philon and Tryphon — reflect the Greek administrative apparatus Rome largely left in place across the conventus cities, allowing local elites to mint under imperial imagery while retaining the nomenclature of Hellenistic civic office.
RPC I 2624 is among the better-documented Ephesian bronzes of the Augustan period, with Copenhagen 368 providing a key reference specimen.