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Æ20 - Valerian and Gallienus ϹΑΜ/ΙΩΝ
| Issuer | Samos (Conventus of Miletus) |
|---|---|
| Year | 253-260 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of Valerian II facing right, portrayed in three-quarter rear view, with the paludamentum visible over the left shoulder. The portrait is rendered in the provincial Roman style characteristic of the Ionian mint series under the joint reign of Valerian I and Gallienus. A Greek legend encircles the bust, identifying the emperor by his full Roman nomenclature. The flan shows typical irregularity and green patination consistent with struck bronze coinage of the mid-third century AD. |
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| Reverse script | Greek |
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Samos minted prolifically under the joint reign of Valerian and Gallienus, exploiting the brief window of imperial co-rule before Valerian's catastrophic capture by Shapur I at the Battle of Edessa in 260 — the first Roman emperor taken prisoner by a foreign enemy. Provincial mints throughout the conventus of Miletus issued coinages honoring both emperors simultaneously, a practice that ceased abruptly when Valerian's capture effectively ended his reign. The precise dating of individual issues within this 253–260 window is difficult; most attributions rely on die study rather than documentary evidence.