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Æ19 - Hadrian ΦΩΚΑΕΩΝ
| Issuer | Phocaea (Conventus of Smyrna) |
|---|---|
| Year | 117-138 |
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| Composition | Bronze |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A warship prow orientated to the right, rendered in profile with clearly delineated oar-banks and a prominent cutwater, serving as a civic emblem alluding to Phocaea's celebrated maritime heritage. Above the prow appear the pilei (conical caps) of the Dioscuri, each surmounted by a star, a device frequently employed on civic bronzes of the Ionian conventus. The ethnic legend ΦΩΚΑΕΩΝ occupies the field around the type, identifying the issuing city of Phocaea. |
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| Reverse lettering | ΦΩΚΑΕΩΝ (Translation: of the Phocaeans) |
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| Additional information |
Phocaea's coinage under Hadrian reflects the city's comfortable position within the reorganized conventus system — Smyrna served as the assize center, and Phocaean bronzes like this one would have circulated locally while Roman administrative machinery hummed overhead. The city had long since shed its archaic reputation as a founding colony of Massalia and Elea, though civic pride in that colonial past likely informed the continued use of distinctly local ethnic legends on municipal bronze.
The reference III#1943 places this within the broader SNG or RPC classification framework for Ionian civic bronze — a category where die links between ostensibly separate issues are frequently discovered on closer examination.