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Æ18 - Caligula ΦΙΛΟΚΑΙϹΑΡ ΦΙΛΑΔΕΛΦΕΩΝ ΖΗΝΩΝ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΥϹ
| Issuer | Philadelphia (Conventus of Sardis) |
|---|---|
| Year | 37-41 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 4.61 g |
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| Obverse lettering | ΓΑΙΟϹ ΚΑΙϹΑΡ |
| Reverse description | A Capricorn — the zodiacal emblem of Augustus adopted as an imperial symbol — depicted facing left in the central field, with a cornucopia balanced upon its back, referencing dynastic continuity and divine favor. The multi-line Greek inscription surrounds and fills the field, citing the civic epithet ΦΙΛΟΚΑΙϹΑΡ (friend of Caesar) alongside the city name ΦΙΛΑΔΕΛΦΕΩΝ and the name and title of the local magistrate ΖΗΝΩΝ ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΥϹ (Zenon, grammateus or secretary). The design is typical of Lydian civic bronze coinage issued under Roman provincial administration. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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