Æ - Paerisades II / Leucon II Panticapaeum

The Bosporan Kingdom's longevity as a client state — first of the Achaemenids, then nominally of the Seleucids, ultimately of Rome — owed much to the grain trade through the Cimmerian Bosporus strait, and the Spartocid dynasty that produced both Paerisades II and Leucon II understood that coinage was inseparable from that commerce. The nearly seven-decade attribution window for this type reflects genuine scholarly uncertainty about where one reign ends and the next begins in the numismatic record.