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8 Reales - Fernando VII 2nd portrait
| Issuer | Royal Mint of Spain (Real Casa de la Moneda) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1809-1830 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | The crowned quartered royal arms of Spain at centre, displaying castles (Castile) and lions (León) in the principal quarters with the Bourbon fleur-de-lis in the inescutcheon, surmounted by the Spanish royal crown. The mint mark M (Madrid) and assayer initials GJ flank the shield to left and right respectively, with the denomination numeral 8 to the right and the mark R to the left. The surrounding legend HISPANIARUM · REX · runs in Roman capitals along the upper and lower periphery, separated by pellets. |
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| Reverse lettering | R 8 M GJ · HISPANIARUM · REX · (Translation: King of the Spains) |
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| Additional information |
The second portrait type for Fernando VII emerged after his restoration in 1814, replacing the earlier "imaginary" portrait — struck while he was imprisoned at Valençay — with a likeness based on actual sittings. The shift was politically loaded: the first portrait had been designed without the king ever having posed, and several mints produced noticeably inconsistent renditions throughout the Napoleonic occupation years.
Struck across multiple New World mints as well as Madrid, this type spans the final decade of Spanish colonial coinage in the Americas, with Mexico City, Lima, and Potosí all producing pieces before independence severed those operations entirely.