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8 Reales - Carlos IV Numeral IIII, Carlos III portrait
| Issuer | Casa de Moneda de México |
|---|---|
| Year | 1790 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Armored bust of Carlos III facing right, struck from old Carlos III dies despite the reign of Carlos IV, with the royal effigy rendered in high relief in the neoclassical style. The legend encircles the bust along the periphery, and the date 1790 appears at the bottom of the field below the truncation. The portrait features the king in military armor with a draped mantle, consistent with the mature bust style used throughout the late colonial milled coinage of New Spain. |
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| Mintage | 1790 FM |
| Additional information |
This transitional issue carries the portrait of Carlos III on the obverse despite being struck in 1790, the year after his death — a direct consequence of the lag between Madrid's orders reaching colonial mints and new dies being prepared and shipped across the Atlantic. Carlos IV had already ascended the throne, hence the IIII numeral, but the physical dies bearing his father's likeness remained in use at Mexico City until the new portrait type could be introduced. The overlap produced a distinct one-year type that collectors have catalogued separately ever since.