8 Prutah - Mattatayah Antigonus

Antigonus II Mattathias was the last Hasmonean king, installed by the Parthians in 40 BC after they swept through Syria and Judea and briefly captured Jerusalem. His three-year reign was spent in continuous conflict with Herod, who had been simultaneously declared King of Judea by Rome — meaning two men held the same title at once, each backed by a rival superpower. When Roman legions under Sosius finally took Jerusalem in 37 BC, Antigonus was sent to Mark Antony, who had him beheaded — the first execution of a king by Roman decree in the eastern provinces.