8 Escudos - Carlos III

Carlos III's monetary reforms of the late 1760s forced colonial mints to abandon the hand-struck cob ("macuquina") format in favor of milled coinage — the so-called "columnario" and later portrait series. The Santa Fe de Bogotá mint, one of the few authorized to strike gold in the Americas, produced the 8 escudos as the highest denomination in circulation, moving bullion from New Granada's interior goldfields into transatlantic commerce.

Hernández references 783 through 787 distinguish assayer combinations across this window, with JJ and SF being the two principal pairings. The SF assayer mark corresponds to Silverio Fernández, who took over responsibilities mid-series.