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6 Gani - Muhammad bin Tughluq

Issuer Delhi Sultanate
Year 1325-1351
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Shape Round (irregular)
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Reverse script Arabic
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Edge Plain
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Additional information

Muhammad bin Tughluq's monetary experiments are among the most documented economic disasters of medieval India. His decision in the 1320s–30s to introduce token coinage — brass and copper standing in for silver — collapsed when the sultanate failed to control counterfeiting, which subjects undertook so prolifically that the treasury was overwhelmed with tokens redeemed for gold and silver. The billon issues occupy a different register from that particular catastrophe, but they belong to a reign defined by chronic fiscal improvisation.

The GG#D377 type falls within a coinage system reorganized multiple times under Muhammad's direct orders.

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