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500 Pesos Catholic Kings

Issuer Banco Central de la República Dominicana
Year 1989
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Value 500 Pesos
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Obverse description The Dominican Republic national coat of arms occupies the central field, featuring a quartered shield with a cross, spears, and an open Bible, flanked by a laurel branch to the left and a palm frond to the right, with a ribbon above bearing the motto DIOS PATRIA LIBERTAD and a scroll below inscribed REPUBLICA DOMINICANA. A mint mark appears below the shield at the base. The circular legend REPUBLICA DOMINICANA arcs along the upper periphery, while the denomination 500 PESOS is prominently inscribed along the lower rim. The weight and fineness 31.10 grs. .999 appear in the lower left and right fields respectively, each flanked by five-pointed stars.
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Reverse description Conjoined busts of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile, the Catholic Monarchs, are depicted facing slightly toward each other in the central field; Ferdinand to the left wearing a crown and draped attire, and Isabella to the right wearing an ornate crown with long flowing hair, a cross pendant visible at her chest. The legend REYES CATOLICOS appears in the lower central field beneath the portraits. The circular legend V CENTENARIO DEL DESCUBRIMIENTO Y EVANGELIZACION DE AMERICA arcs along the upper and lateral periphery, and the date 1989 is inscribed at the base flanked by two five-pointed stars.
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Issued to commemorate the quincentennial approach of Columbus's 1492 landing, the Dominican Republic produced this coin as part of a broader regional push by Caribbean and Latin American states to position themselves centrally in the anniversary's international programming. Spain's own commemorative campaign for 1992 drew significant diplomatic attention to the event throughout the late 1980s, and several nations issued gold pieces timed to that momentum rather than the anniversary itself.

Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, whose union created the political entity that funded Columbus's voyage, had their marriage formally validated by papal dispensation in 1474 — a bureaucratic detail that made the entire enterprise of Spanish colonial expansion technically legitimate under canon law.

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