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500 000 Mark Gewerkschaft ver. Constantin der Große
| Issuer | Gewerkschaft ver. Constantin der Große, Bochum |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Printed in green and red on cream paper, the obverse is framed by a fine guilloche border with a decorative vertical panel of stacked rosettes along the left margin. A red guilloche underprint fills the central field, over which the issuer's name and payment pledge are set in roman type, with the denomination spelled out in large Gothic blackletter script. The numeral value '500 000' appears twice in the lower centre flanking the word 'Mark', with place and date 'Bochum, Juli 1923' at lower left and a manuscript signature at lower right. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | 500 000 Mk. |
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| Comments |
Issued during the height of the German hyperinflation emergency, this is a notgeld piece from the Gewerkschaft vereinigte Constantin der Große, a coal mining cooperative operating out of Bochum in the Ruhr. The Ruhr was the industrial heart of German coal production, and the region was under French and Belgian military occupation from January 1923 — the passive resistance campaign that followed created acute wage-payment crises, forcing industrial employers to print their own emergency currency in denominations that climbed almost weekly.
By mid-1923, 500,000 Mark had become a routine wage-related denomination rather than an extraordinary sum. The colliery's direct involvement in issuing scrip reflects how completely the Reichsbank had lost control of day-to-day monetary mechanics in occupied industrial zones.