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| 正面描述 | Green intaglio-printed certificate on pale paper with scalloped guilloche border. The title 'TWELVE YEAR NATIONAL DEFENCE CERTIFICATE' runs across the top within a ribbon cartouche, flanked by the Ashoka Pillar emblem on each side. Denomination '50 FIFTY RUPEES' appears at left and right, with the certificate text, serial number, post office date stamp, and Postmaster signature occupying the central field. |
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| 正面铭文 | 12 वर्षीय राष्ट्रीय रक्षा पत्र TWELVE YEAR NATIONAL DEFENCE CERTIFICATE NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE COMPETENT POSTAL AUTHORITY 50 FIFTY RUPEES 12ND FIFTY RUPEES 50 This is to certify that XXXXXXXXXX is registered at the XXXXXXXXX Post Office as the holder of a 12-Year National Defence Certificate, issued in accordance with the terms of the Notification specified on the reverse, and subject to the Application of the Purchaser which shall be the basis of this Contract. The Government of India undertake to pay to him, on presentation of this Certificate at the aforesaid Post Office on or after the XXXXXXXXX Rs. or at any earlier date after the expiry of twelve months the sum not exceeding Rs. specified on the reverse of this Certificate as due on such date. Post Office Date of Issue Register No. SEE REVERSE POST-OFFICE Postmaster. |
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The Twelve Year National Defence Certificates were introduced in 1962 as savings instruments rather than currency — technically government bonds in note form, sold at a discount and redeemable at face value after twelve years. The timing was not coincidental: the Sino-Indian War of October–November 1962 created an urgent political need to mobilize domestic capital, and these certificates were part of that emergency fiscal response.
The India Security Press at Nasik Road had been printing currency and stamps since 1928, so the production infrastructure was already in place. What made this series unusual was its hybrid nature — treated as a security document rather than a banknote, yet physically indistinguishable from one to most holders.