50 Pfennig - Offenbach Karl Ruland

发行方	Karl Ruland (merchant/issuer), Offenbach am Main
年份	1918
类型	Emergency coin
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背面描述	Identical in design to the obverse, with the large numeral '50' occupying the central field. The circular legend 'KARL RULAND' arcs along the upper rim and 'OFFENBACH A.M.' along the lower rim, each separated by a six-pointed star. Raised lettering and numerals are set against a flat field, enclosed within a beaded border, reflecting the simple utilitarian character of this wartime Notgeld issue.
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背面铭文	KARL RULAND 50 ✶ OFFENBACH A.M. ✶
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附加信息	Issued in 1918 by a private merchant in Offenbach am Main, this zinc piece belongs to the vast wave of Notgeld that flooded German commerce as the Imperial government's wartime metal requisitions drained copper and nickel from civilian circulation. Karl Ruland's issue was a local solution to a local problem — small change had effectively vanished from retail trade by mid-war. Zinc was the material of necessity; the same metal was being pulled from household pipes and church organ pipes across the Reich for munitions production.

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