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50 Marka
| Issuer | Eesti Wabariigi (Republic of Estonia, Treasury) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1920 |
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| Size | 175 x 115 mm |
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| Obverse description | Printed in olive-brown on cream paper, the note carries a typeset text layout with guilloche border ornaments and oval rosette vignettes at the corners. The central text in Estonian reads 'EESTI WABARIIGI 5% WÕLAKOHUSTUS' (Estonian Republic 5% Bond/Obligation), with the date 'Tähtpäev 1 jaanuari 1920' and serial number below; multilingual marginal text appears in Estonian, German, and French along the left and right borders. Three manuscript signature lines for the Peaminister, Rahaminister, and Riigikassa ülem are printed below the central text body. |
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| Obverse lettering | EESTI WABARIIGI 5% WÕLAKOHUSTUS Tähtpäev 1 jaanuari 1920. Mk. 50.— Selle ettenäitajale maksetakse 1 jaanuari 1920. Eesti Wabariigi kassast Wiiskümmend marka. EESTI AJUTISE WALITSUSE NIMEL: Peaminister Rahaminister Riigikassa ülem Laen maksetakse tagasi kas Saksa riigimarkades, Idamarkades ehk Idarublades, ühekorra järele: 1 Idarbla = 2 Saksa riigimark = 2 Idamarka. Prohsendid maksetakse ette sel teel, et need wõlakohustuste wäljaandmisel maha arvatakse. |
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| Comments |
Estonia declared independence in November 1918 and spent the next two years fighting simultaneous wars against Bolshevik Russia and Baltic German forces. This note was issued before either conflict had fully concluded — the Peace of Tartu with Soviet Russia was signed in February 1920, and the series was produced domestically precisely because foreign printing contracts were neither practical nor politically straightforward for a state still asserting its right to exist.
Domestic production by a newly independent government with limited industrial infrastructure left these notes susceptible to uneven ink distribution and paper inconsistencies. The Estonian marka itself was short-lived; hyperinflationary pressure forced a redenomination to the kroon in 1928.