50 Céntimos Villanueva de Córdoba

Villanueva de Córdoba was one of hundreds of Spanish municipalities that issued emergency fractional paper during 1936–1937, when the Republic's small coinage vanished almost entirely from circulation — hoarded, melted, or simply overwhelmed by wartime disruption. These local consejo issues were stopgap instruments, often printed on whatever stock was available and authorised by improvised local committees rather than any central banking authority.

The Gari Mon reference is unassigned, which likely reflects incomplete cataloguing of this particular emission rather than exceptional rarity — though small Andalusian municipal issues of this period are frequently underrepresented in standard references.