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50 Céntimos Villacarrillo
| Issuer | Villacarrillo, Municipality of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1936 |
| Type | Emergency banknote |
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| Obverse description | Typeset letterpress note printed in black ink on plain paper, with the issuer's name underlined as the central heading and the municipal coat of arms positioned to the left. The denomination is stated in full below the issuer name, with all text arranged in a simple, utilitarian layout typical of Spanish Civil War municipal emergency issues. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Plain orange-tinted paper reverse, entirely unprinted, bearing a single handwritten ink signature applied diagonally across the face as the sole means of authorization. |
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| Comments |
Villacarrillo is a small olive-growing town in the province of Jaén, Andalusia. In the summer of 1936, following the military uprising that triggered the Civil War, the Republican-held municipalities across Spain found themselves with an acute shortage of small-denomination coinage — hoarding and disrupted supply chains stripped local economies of functional change almost overnight. Hundreds of ayuntamientos responded by printing their own emergency fractional notes, and Villacarrillo was among them.
These municipal issues were never coordinated by any central authority, printed on whatever stock was locally available, and typically authorized by the alcalde's rubber stamp. Survival rates vary enormously — some town issues are genuinely rare, others surface regularly.