50 Céntimos Sadurní d'Anoia

Sadurní d'Anoia — better known today as Sant Sadurní d'Anoia, the capital of Catalan cava production — issued this note during the anarcho-syndicalist collectivization wave that swept Republican-held Catalonia in 1937. The printer, Arts Gràfiques Benaiges, was itself a collectivized enterprise by that point, operating under CNT-FAI worker control as the Impremta Col·lectiva. A local currency printed by a collectivized press, under a collectivized municipal council, for a collectivized economy — the circumstances of manufacture are inseparable from the political moment.

Emergency municipal fractional notes of this type were produced across hundreds of Catalan towns after the 1936 coinage shortage became acute. Survival rates vary wildly by issuing municipality; smaller print runs from smaller towns are disproportionately scarce.