50 Céntimos Olesa de Montserrat

Olesa de Montserrat is a small industrial town on the Llobregat river, and like dozens of Catalan municipalities in 1937, its local council issued emergency fractional currency because the Republic's coinage had effectively vanished from circulation — hoarded, melted, or simply absent. The printer here is the tell: the Centro Administrativo Municipal operated under CNT collective management at Casanova 55 in Barcelona, meaning this note was produced by an anarcho-syndicalist workers' collective running what had been a commercial print shop seized during the July 1936 revolutionary upheaval.

Turró catalogues well over 1,500 such local issues from the Civil War period. This one is unremarkable in that company — which is precisely what makes the whole series historically dense.