50 Céntimos Els Torms

发行方	Consell Municipal de Els Torms
年份
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面值	50 Centimos (0.50 ESP)
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正面铭文	Consell Municipal ELS TORMS Val per 50 cts. (Translation: Municipal Council Els Torms Voucher for 50 Centimos)
背面描述	Plain cream card stock bearing a circular municipal dry stamp at centre, partially legible, with laurel wreath decoration and the name of the issuing municipality. A single handwritten signature in ink is applied over the stamp, validating the voucher.
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备注	Els Torms is a tiny municipality in the Garrigues comarca of Lleida, Catalonia — population well under a few hundred even today. During the Spanish Civil War, the Republic's chronic shortage of small coinage pushed thousands of local councils to issue their own emergency paper fractional currency, and Els Torms was among them. These municipal notes, collectively catalogued under the Turró reference system, were legal only within the issuing locality, which in practice meant a handful of streets and farms. At this scale of issuer, survival rates are low simply because so few were printed to begin with.

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