50 Centimes - Chambre de Commerce et Ville d'Orléans 45

French chambers of commerce were authorized to issue emergency small-denomination notes from 1914 onward, filling a gap created when silver and bronze coins vanished from circulation almost immediately after mobilization. Orléans was among the earlier provincial chambers to act, and Auguste Goût — a local printing house — handled the entire series in-house rather than contracting to a Paris firm, which was the more common arrangement.

The JP#95-16 reference places this within the broader Jérôme Papier classification of French necessity money, a category that runs into the thousands of types and makes precise attribution essential.