50 Centavos "Las Dos Estrellas" mining company

Las Dos Estrellas was a silver and gold mine operating in El Oro, State of Mexico, and during the Revolutionary period its management issued scrip to pay workers when federal currency became unreliable or simply unavailable. These emergency emission notes circulated exclusively within the company's own economic orbit — the tienda de raya, the company store system that effectively kept miners indebted and captive to the operation.

The Revolutionary years produced hundreds of such private issues across Mexico, most printed hastily and on poor stock. Survival rates vary sharply depending on whether the issuing company collapsed before redemption.